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Mental stimulation - Brainy activities prompt nerve cell connections, and are even capable of stimulating the brain to generate new ones.

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Read - From novels to the back of cereal boxes—read everything, as much as you can. Besides the fact that it keeps your mind running, you get to learn new things too.

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Word puzzles - Crosswords are a great way to get you thinking, and you can increase the difficulty as you get better at them.

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Math problems - Resolving a math problem also requires stimulation from several different parts of your brain.

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Drawing and painting - Even if you don't have that much talent, learning a new art form such as painting will force your brain to develop completely new skills.

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News - Regardless of your interests, whether it is politics or celebrities, keeping up with the news sparks brain activity.

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Movies - Watching thought-provoking and ambiguous movies will keep your brain wondering about all the possibilities for days.

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Video games - Scientists have showed that playing certain video games is linked to a reduced risk of Alzheimer's.

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Hobbies - Either take up an old hobby or start a new one to encourage the creativity flow.

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Physical exercise - Working out will not only keep your body fit, but also your mind healthy. During exercise blood flow to the brain increases, bringing oxygen to the region responsible for thought.

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Swim - Swimming is an excellent form of exercise that works many of the body's muscles.

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Walk the dog - Walking your pet boosts your mood, helping both your mental and physical health.

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Dance - Whether it is tango or ballet, sign up for dance lessons. Learning a new dance puts both your body and mind to work.

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Yoga - Besides helping with body toning and flexibility, yoga helps reduce stress, which in turn makes for a healthier brain.

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Challenge your brain - Constantly learning new things is a great way to exercise the brain, so make sure you stay curious and alert. If you're unfamiliar with a word or you spot a new plant, look it up!

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Music - Learning how to play an instrument or how to read music is a great way to work both the logical and creative sides of your brain.

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Language - Likewise, studying a new language is also an excellent way to challenge yourself.

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Chess - Chess is one of the best brain-wracking games you can learn. If you already know how to play it, find yourself a partner who you can practice with regularly.

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Change jobs - If you feel like you're not being stimulated enough at your current workplace, then consider looking for something else. However, if it's your profession that is unfulfilling, it is never too late in life to make a switch.

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Travel - Whether you're traveling around your own country or going abroad, breaking the routine helps sharpen the mind. It also comes with the added perks of getting to know different people and cultures, and perhaps practicing a foreign language.

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Go back to school - Going back to school, whether it's to take one course or to finish up a whole degree, is a great way to keep challenging your brain.

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Improve your diet - Your diet is a huge part of your overall health, so make sure the food you're eating is providing all the necessary nutrients and vitamins to both your body and your brain.

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Antioxidants - Antioxidant-rich foods help improve focus, memory, and problem-solving. 

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Fast food -

Avoid junk food as much as possible. The saturated fats and high amounts of sugar are just obstacles when you're looking to remain mentally fit.

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Blood sugar - Try keeping your blood sugar levels within normal by eating healthy and exercising regularly. Diabetes is considered a risk factor for mental illnesses such as dementia.

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Cholesterol - You have to maintain your LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels as low as possible, as that is also linked to a higher risk of dementia. If necessary, consult your doctor for medication.

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Avoid tobacco - This one doesn't require much explaining, as cigarettes are harmful in every way. Avoid them at all costs.

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Excessive drinking - Likewise, excessive alcohol drinking also increases the risk of dementia.

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Emotions - Depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep-deprivation are all determining factors when it comes to brain health. Make it a personal goal to care for your mental health.

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Protect your head! -

It may sound obvious, but moderate to severe head injuries can cause serious cognitive impairment. Don't forget to wear a helmet!

See also: The life-changing ways exercise alters your brain

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