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The Rosetta Stone -

Discovered in 1799, the Rosetta Stone was pivotal in deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs. Its trilingual inscription bridged a linguistic gap, illuminating ancient Egyptian history.

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The Terracotta Army -

The Terracotta Army, unearthed in 1974 in China, comprises thousands of unique, life-sized clay soldiers. They were built during the reign of the  first Emperor of China and were intended to protect him in the afterlife. 

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The Dead Sea Scrolls -

Found near the Dead Sea, these ancient scrolls include the oldest known Hebrew Bible texts, offering invaluable insights into early Judaism and biblical history.

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Sutton Hoo Helmet -

This ornate 7th-century helmet, discovered in an English ship burial, exemplifies Anglo-Saxon artistry, symbolizing power and prestige in early medieval Europe.

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The Antikythera Mechanism -

The Antikythera Mechanism, an intricate Greek device from 2nd century BCE, is considered the earliest known analog computer. It was used to predict astronomical positions.

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Tutankhamun's Tomb -

King Tutankhamun's tomb, discovered in 1922, astounded the world with its untouched riches. It provided a rare, intact glimpse into ancient Egyptian royal burial practices.

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The Cyrus Cylinder -

The Cyrus Cylinder, dating back to the 6th century BCE Persian Empire, is often hailed as the first charter of human rights. It advocates for freedom and equality.

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The Venus of Willendorf -

This small, carved figure from around 28,000 BCE is one of the earliest representations of the human form. The Venus of Willendorf symbolizes fertility and the importance of women in prehistoric times.

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The Code of Hammurabi -

The Code of Hammurabi, inscribed on a Babylonian stele around 1754 BCE, is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length. The text outlines early legal principles.

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The Mask of Agamemnon -

Discovered in a Mycenaean tomb by Heinrich Schliemann, this golden funeral mask from the 16th century BCE was once thought to belong to the legendary king Agamemnon.

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The Nefertiti Bust -

The bust of Queen Nefertiti, created in 1345 BCE and discovered in 1912, enchants with its realism and beauty, symbolizing the artistic sophistication of ancient Egypt.

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The Lewis Chessmen -

Carved from walrus ivory in the 12th century, the Lewis Chessmen are among the oldest complete chess sets, offering insights into medieval European life and leisure.

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The Shroud of Turin -

The Shroud of Turin, a linen cloth bearing the faint imprint of a man's face and body, has intrigued both believers and skeptics. Many believe it was the burial shroud of Jesus Christ.

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The Gutenberg Bible -

Printed by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1450s, this was the first major book printed using movable type in the West, playing a key role in the spread of literacy and knowledge.

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The Vasa -

The Vasa, a Swedish warship that sank in 1628 and was salvaged in 1961, is a well-preserved maritime relic. The ship offers insights into 17th-century naval warfare and craftsmanship.

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The Elgin Marbles -

The Elgin Marbles, a collection of classical Greek marble sculptures taken from the Parthenon in the 19th century, are celebrated for their artistry and debated for their ownership.

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The Moai Statues of Easter Island -

The gigantic stone statues on Easter Island, created by the Rapa Nui people, mystify with their scale and the unknown reasons for their construction and eventual toppling.

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The Liberty Bell -

The Liberty Bell, an iconic symbol of American independence, is famous for its distinctive crack. It has been a timeless emblem of freedom and liberty since the 18th century.

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The Bayeux Tapestry -

This medieval embroidery, over 70 meters (230 feet) long, vividly narrates the events leading up to the Norman conquest of England in 1066. It's an invaluable piece of historical storytelling.

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The Voynich Manuscript -

The Voynich Manuscript, dating back to the 15th century, is written in an undeciphered script and filled with mysterious illustrations, baffling cryptologists and historians.

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The Hope Diamond -

Renowned for its rare blue color and storied past of curses and legends, the Hope Diamond is a 45.52-carat gem that has fascinated and intrigued for centuries.

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The Portland Vase -

Dating back to Roman times, this exquisite glass vase is famed for its detailed depiction of classical scenes and remarkable craftsmanship in cameo glass.

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The Pilate Stone -

This significant archaeological find is an inscription mentioning Pontius Pilate, providing rare tangible evidence of this biblical figure's historical existence.

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The Ardagh Chalice -

The Ardagh Chalice, from the 8th century, is an exemplar of early medieval Irish craftsmanship, showcasing intricate designs in gold, silver, and precious stones.

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The Sarcophagus of Tutankhamun -

The ornate sarcophagus of King Tutankhamun, discovered in his intact tomb, showcases the intricate art and burial customs of ancient Egypt's 18th dynasty.

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The Domesday Book -

Compiled in 1086, the Domesday Book is a comprehensive record of land and resource ownership in England, reflecting the social structure and economy post-Norman conquest.

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The Royal Game of Ur -

Dating back to 2600 BCE, this is one of the earliest known board games, discovered in the Royal Tombs of Ur, offering a glimpse into ancient Mesopotamian society.

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The Lycurgus Cup -

This 4th-century Roman glass cup is a unique example of dichroic glass, changing color when lit from different angles. The artifact showcases advanced ancient Roman glassmaking techniques.

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The Discobolus -

The Discobolus is a famous ancient Greek sculpture representing an athlete in the midst of a discus throw, epitomizing the ideals of balance, rhythm, and harmony in Greek art.

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The Blarney Stone -

Located in the Blarney Castle in Ireland, the Blarney Stone is a block of limestone built into the battlements. Legend has it that kissing the stone bestows the gift of eloquence. The stone's origins are shrouded in mystery, with stories linking it to the Crusades and ancient Irish chieftains, making it a symbol of Irish lore and history.

Sources: (Bored Panda) (ArtLex) (Art in Context)

See also: Christian relics that are still missing

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