While the European Union promotes unity among its member states, Europe also experiences numerous separatist and secessionist movements. "Separatism" refers to the desire for regional autonomy or greater self-rule, while "secessionism" involves the actual withdrawal from a nation. These movements often stem from distinct cultural, historical, or political identities, with some seeking full independence. Although not directly linked to the EU, some regions argue that EU membership could support their aspirations for greater self-determination, autonomy, or governance reform.
Click on to explore the key separatist and secessionist movements in Europe today.