Since 1995, the Conference of the Parties (COP) has been the global stage where countries from all over the world negotiate climate action under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). These annual gatherings have produced landmark agreements, stirred controversy, and spurred international climate commitments. With COP30 set for November 2025 in Belém, Brazil, the spotlight returns to critical issues like emission reductions, tropical forest preservation, and climate finance. Amid logistical challenges and high stakes, this conference promises pivotal decisions.
Click on for a detailed look at COP’s history, controversies, and the upcoming edition.