Across cultures, people have seen nature as a living, sacred entity. Mountains, rivers, trees, and forests have often been worshipped by both ancient and modern civilizations.
Animism, or the belief that animals, plants, objects, and natural phenomena are made of spiritual essence, has been a fundamental aspect of many indigenous belief systems. Some traditions also think of nature as the dwelling of divine spirits, guardians, or energies that shape human destiny.
From the animistic traditions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas to the folk practices of Europe and beyond, the idea that nature is spiritually alive remains widespread. According to a study by the Pew Research Center, a significant share of people in many countries today still hold this belief.
In this gallery, we explore the nations where nature is seen as spiritual. Curious which countries are on the list? Click to find out.