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Bhutan -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: No known cases of charges brought against same-sex sexual activity in Bhutan (repeal of these laws is pending–Bhutan voted to legalize same-sex sexual activity)

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Sudan -

Status: Illegal for men / uncertain for women

Penalty: Up to life imprisonment for a third offense

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Uganda -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: A life sentence or even the death penalty can be handed down for homosexual sex or “recruitment, promotion, and funding” of same-sex “activities."

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Brunei -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Same-sex sexual activity in Brunei is punishable by up to a death sentence for men (but currently commuted by moratorium); women face up to 10 years in prison

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Cook Islands -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Not enforced, and legalization pending

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Tunisia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison (but decriminalization has been proposed)

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Saudi Arabia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to death

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Iran -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to death

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Yemen -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: The punishment for same-sex sexual activity in Yemen is up to death for men, and up to three years in prison for women

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Nigeria -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Death penalty in Sharia states; up to 14 years in prison in non-Sharia states

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Somalia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to death in parts of the country

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Mauritania -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Death penalty for men; imprisonment of up to two years and a fine for women

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United Arab Emirates -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to death (but no known cases of such a sentence having been enforced)

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Afghanistan -

Status: Illegal for men / uncertain for women

Penalty: Less than 10 years in prison, but up to death where Sharia law applies

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Pakistan -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison, plus a fine; the Hudood Ordinances, which were part of the Islamicization of Pakistan, allow for execution, but this is not practiced

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Qatar -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to seven years in prison; for Muslims, the interpretation of Sharia law allows for execution in the instance of adultery (no known cases)

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Libya -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to four years in prison (or death in ISIS-controlled territories)

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Syria -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison (or death in areas controlled by jihadist militant groups)

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Iraq -

Status: Legal, but ambiguous

Penalty: Homosexuals may face execution by vigilantes and Sharia courts

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Gambia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to a life sentence

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Tanzania -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to a life sentence for men; in Zanzibar, women can face up to five years in prison or a fine

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Myanmar -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Same-sex sexual activity in Myanmar is punishable by up to life in prison (but rarely enforced)

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Guyana -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to a life sentence (but not enforced)

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Sierra Leone -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to a life sentence (but not enforced)

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Zambia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to a life sentence for men; up to 14 years in prison for women (but both sentences are not actively enforced)

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Malaysia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 20 years in prison, and/or fines, corporal punishment

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Sri Lanka -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 20 years with a fine (but no one has been convicted under these laws since 1948, and they are considered "dormant" in Sri Lanka)

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Egypt -

Status: De jure legal; de facto illegal

Penalty: Public morality and order-based laws allow for up to 17 years in prison, with or without hard labor and fines

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Ethiopia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 15 years in prison

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Kenya -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 14 years in prison

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Kiribati -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 14 years in prison (but not enforced)

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Papua New Guinea -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 14 years in prison (but not enforced)

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Solomon Islands -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 14 years in prison (but not enforced)

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Tuvalu -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 14 years in prison (but not enforced)

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Malawi -

Status: Illegal for men / uncertain for women

Penalty: Up to 14 years in prison (but not enforced since 2012)

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South Sudan -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison, plus a fine

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Saint Lucia -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison, plus a fine

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Bangladesh -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison, plus a fine

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Grenada -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison

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Saint Vincent and the Grenadines -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison

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Dominica -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison, or admittance into a psychiatric institution

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Jamaica -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison, or hard labor (but rarely enforced)

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Tonga -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison (but not enforced)

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Maldives -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to eight years in prison and 100 lashes

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Samoa -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to seven years in prison (but not enforced)

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Kuwait -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to six years in prison, and/or fines

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Cameroon -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to five years in prison, plus a fine

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Senegal -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to five years in prison, plus a fine

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Mauritius -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to five years in prison (but rarely enforced)

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Comoros -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to five years in prison, and/or a fine

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Algeria -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison, plus fines

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Guinea -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison, plus fines

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Togo -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison, plus a fine

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Morocco -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Same-sex sexual activity in Morocco is punishable by up to three years in prison, plus a fine

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Eritrea -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison

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Oman -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison

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Uzbekistan -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to three years in prison

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Ghana -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to three years in prison (but rarely enforced)

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Chad -

Status: Illegal (only since 2017)

Penalty: Up to two years in prison, plus a fine

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Burundi -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to two years in prison

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Turkmenistan -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Same-sex sexual activity between men is punishable by up to two years in prison in Turkmenistan

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Singapore -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to two years in prison, but this is often unenforced in Singapore

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Zimbabwe -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to one year in prison, and/or a fine

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Liberia -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to one year in prison, plus possible fines (but not actively enforced)

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Lebanon -

Status: Illegal

Penalty: Up to one year in prison (but this sentence is not actively enforced in Lebanon)

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Eswatini -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: Eswatini's sodomy law is not enforced

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Namibia -

Status: Illegal for men / legal for women

Penalty: No known case of enforcement

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Special mention: Indonesia -

Status: Illegal in the province of Aceh, and for Muslims in the city of Palembang

Penalty: Punishable by up to 100 lashes and up to 100 months in prison

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Special mention: Chechnya -

Status: De jure legal; de facto illegal

Penalty: Reports of killings in this federal republic of Russia's have surfaced frequently since 2017

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Special mention: Palestine -

Status: Illegal in the Gaza Strip for men / legal for women

Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison

By contrast, find out all the countries where same-sex marriage is legal.

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